# Apache Configuration File# (!) Using `.htaccess` files slows down Apache, therefore, if you have access# to the main server config file (usually called `httpd.conf`), you should add# this logic there: http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/howto/htaccess.html.# ############################################################################### # CROSS-ORIGIN RESOURCE SHARING (CORS) ## ############################################################################### ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# | Cross-domain AJAX requests |# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Enable cross-origin AJAX requests.# http://code.google.com/p/html5security/wiki/CrossOriginRequestSecurity# http://enable-cors.org/# <IfModule mod_headers.c># Header set Access-Control-Allow-Origin "*"# </IfModule># ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# | CORS-enabled images |# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Send the CORS header for images when browsers request it.# https://developer.mozilla.org/en/CORS_Enabled_Image# http://blog.chromium.org/2011/07/using-cross-domain-images-in-webgl-and.html# http://hacks.mozilla.org/2011/11/using-cors-to-load-webgl-textures-from-cross-domain-images/<IfModule mod_setenvif.c><IfModule mod_headers.c><FilesMatch".(gif|ico|jpe?g|png|svg|svgz|webp)$">SetEnvIfOrigin":" IS_CORS
Header set Access-Control-Allow-Origin"*" env=IS_CORS
</FilesMatch></IfModule></IfModule># ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# | Web fonts access |# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Allow access from all domains for web fonts<IfModule mod_headers.c><FilesMatch".(eot|font.css|otf|ttc|ttf|woff)$">Header set Access-Control-Allow-Origin"*"</FilesMatch></IfModule># ############################################################################### # ERRORS ## ############################################################################### ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# | 404 error prevention for non-existing redirected folders |# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Prevent Apache from returning a 404 error for a rewrite if a directory# with the same name does not exist.# http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/content-negotiation.html#multiviews# http://www.webmasterworld.com/apache/3808792.htmOptions-MultiViews# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# | Custom error messages / pages |# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# You can customize what Apache returns to the client in case of an error (see# http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/core.html#errordocument), e.g.:ErrorDocument404/404.html# ############################################################################### # INTERNET EXPLORER ## ############################################################################### ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# | Better website experience |# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Force IE to render pages in the highest available mode in the various# cases when it may not: http://hsivonen.iki.fi/doctype/ie-mode.pdf.# Use, if installed, Google Chrome Frame.<IfModule mod_headers.c>Header set X-UA-Compatible "IE=edge,chrome=1"# `mod_headers` can't match based on the content-type, however, we only# want to send this header for HTML pages and not for the other resources<FilesMatch".(appcache|crx|css|eot|gif|htc|ico|jpe?g|js|m4a|m4v|manifest|mp4|oex|oga|ogg|ogv|otf|pdf|png|safariextz|svg|svgz|ttf|vcf|webapp|webm|webp|woff|xml|xpi)$">Header unset X-UA-Compatible
</FilesMatch></IfModule># ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# | Cookie setting from iframes |# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Allow cookies to be set from iframes in IE.# <IfModule mod_headers.c># Header set P3P "policyref="/w3c/p3p.xml", CP="IDC DSP COR ADM DEVi TAIi PSA PSD IVAi IVDi CONi HIS OUR IND CNT""# </IfModule># ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# | Screen flicker |# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Stop screen flicker in IE on CSS rollovers (this only works in# combination with the `ExpiresByType` directives for images from below).# BrowserMatch "MSIE" brokenvary=1# BrowserMatch "Mozilla/4.[0-9]{2}" brokenvary=1# BrowserMatch "Opera" !brokenvary# SetEnvIf brokenvary 1 force-no-vary# ############################################################################### # MIME TYPES AND ENCODING ## ############################################################################### ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# | Proper MIME types for all files |# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------<IfModule mod_mime.c># AudioAddType audio/mp4 m4a f4a f4b
AddType audio/ogg oga ogg
# JavaScript# Normalize to standard type (it's sniffed in IE anyways):# http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4329#section-7.2AddType application/javascript js jsonp
AddType application/json json
# VideoAddType video/mp4 mp4 m4v f4v f4p
AddType video/ogg ogv
AddType video/webm webm
AddType video/x-flv flv
# Web fontsAddType application/font-woff woff
AddType application/vnd.ms-fontobject eot
# Browsers usually ignore the font MIME types and sniff the content,# however, Chrome shows a warning if other MIME types are used for the# following fonts.AddType application/x-font-ttf ttc ttf
AddType font/opentype otf
# Make SVGZ fonts work on iPad:# https://twitter.com/FontSquirrel/status/14855840545AddType image/svg+xml svg svgz
AddEncoding gzip svgz
# OtherAddType application/octet-stream safariextz
AddType application/x-chrome-extension crx
AddType application/x-opera-extension oex
AddType application/x-shockwave-flash swf
AddType application/x-web-app-manifest+json webapp
AddType application/x-xpinstall xpi
AddType application/xml atom rdf rss xml
AddType image/webp webp
AddType image/x-icon ico
AddType text/cache-manifest appcache manifest
AddType text/vtt vtt
AddType text/x-component htc
AddType text/x-vcard vcf
</IfModule># ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# | UTF-8 encoding |# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Use UTF-8 encoding for anything served as `text/html` or `text/plain`.AddDefaultCharset utf-8
# Force UTF-8 for certain file formats.<IfModule mod_mime.c>AddCharset utf-8 .atom .css .js .json .rss .vtt .webapp .xml
</IfModule># ############################################################################### # URL REWRITES ## ############################################################################### ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# | Rewrite engine |# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Turning on the rewrite engine and enabling the `FollowSymLinks` option is# necessary for the following directives to work.# If your web host doesn't allow the `FollowSymlinks` option, you may need to# comment it out and use `Options +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch` but, be aware of the# performance impact: http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/misc/perf-tuning.html#symlinks# Also, some cloud hosting services require `RewriteBase` to be set:# http://www.rackspace.com/knowledge_center/frequently-asked-question/why-is-mod-rewrite-not-working-on-my-site<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>Options+FollowSymlinks# Options +SymLinksIfOwnerMatchRewriteEngineOn# RewriteBase /</IfModule># ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# | Suppressing / Forcing the "www." at the beginning of URLs |# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# The same content should never be available under two different URLs especially# not with and without "www." at the beginning. This can cause SEO problems# (duplicate content), therefore, you should choose one of the alternatives and# redirect the other one.# By default option 1 (no "www.") is activated:# http://no-www.org/faq.php?q=class_b# If you'd prefer to use option 2, just comment out all the lines from option 1# and uncomment the ones from option 2.# IMPORTANT: NEVER USE BOTH RULES AT THE SAME TIME!# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -# Option 1: rewrite www.example.com → example.com<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>RewriteCond%{HTTPS}!=on
RewriteCond%{HTTP_HOST}^www.(.+)$ [NC]RewriteRule^ http://%1%{REQUEST_URI}[R=301,L]</IfModule># - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -# Option 2: rewrite example.com → www.example.com# Be aware that the following might not be a good idea if you use "real"# subdomains for certain parts of your website.# <IfModule mod_rewrite.c># RewriteCond %{HTTPS} !=on# RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^www..+$ [NC]# RewriteRule ^ http://www.%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI} [R=301,L]# </IfModule># ############################################################################### # SECURITY ## ############################################################################### ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# | Content Security Policy (CSP) |# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# You can mitigate the risk of cross-site scripting and other content-injection# attacks by setting a Content Security Policy which whitelists trusted sources# of content for your site.# The example header below allows ONLY scripts that are loaded from the current# site's origin (no inline scripts, no CDN, etc). This almost certainly won't# work as-is for your site!# To get all the details you'll need to craft a reasonable policy for your site,# read: http://html5rocks.com/en/tutorials/security/content-security-policy (or# see the specification: http://w3.org/TR/CSP).# <IfModule mod_headers.c># Header set Content-Security-Policy "script-src 'self'; object-src 'self'"# <FilesMatch ".(appcache|crx|css|eot|gif|htc|ico|jpe?g|js|m4a|m4v|manifest|mp4|oex|oga|ogg|ogv|otf|pdf|png|safariextz|svg|svgz|ttf|vcf|webapp|webm|webp|woff|xml|xpi)$"># Header unset Content-Security-Policy# </FilesMatch># </IfModule># ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# | File access |# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Block access to directories without a default document.# Usually you should leave this uncommented because you shouldn't allow anyone# to surf through every directory on your server (which may includes rather# private places like the CMS's directories).<IfModule mod_autoindex.c>Options-Indexes</IfModule># - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -# Block access to hidden files and directories.# This includes directories used by version control systems such as Git and SVN.<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>RewriteCond%{SCRIPT_FILENAME}-d [OR]RewriteCond%{SCRIPT_FILENAME}-f
RewriteRule"(^|/)."-[F]</IfModule># - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -# Block access to backup and source files.# These files may be left by some text editors and can pose a great security# danger when anyone has access to them.
<FilesMatch "(^#.*#|.(bak|config|dist|fla|inc|ini|log|psd|sh|sql|sw[op])|~)$">Order allow,deny
Deny from all
SatisfyAll</FilesMatch># ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# | Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) |# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Rewrite secure requests properly to prevent SSL certificate warnings, e.g.:# prevent `https://www.example.com` when your certificate only allows# `https://secure.example.com`.# <IfModule mod_rewrite.c># RewriteCond %{SERVER_PORT} !^443# RewriteRule ^ https://example-domain-please-change-me.com%{REQUEST_URI} [R=301,L]# </IfModule># - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -# Force client-side SSL redirection.# If a user types "example.com" in his browser, the above rule will redirect him# to the secure version of the site. That still leaves a window of opportunity# (the initial HTTP connection) for an attacker to downgrade or redirect the# request. The following header ensures that browser will ONLY connect to your# server via HTTPS, regardless of what the users type in the address bar.# http://www.html5rocks.com/en/tutorials/security/transport-layer-security/# <IfModule mod_headers.c># Header set Strict-Transport-Security max-age=16070400;# </IfModule># ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# | Server software information |# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Avoid displaying the exact Apache version number, the description of the# generic OS-type and the information about Apache's compiled-in modules.# ADD THIS DIRECTIVE IN THE `httpd.conf` AS IT WILL NOT WORK IN THE `.htaccess`!# ServerTokens Prod# ############################################################################### # WEB PERFORMANCE ## ############################################################################### ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# | Compression |# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------<IfModule mod_deflate.c># Force compression for mangled headers.# http://developer.yahoo.com/blogs/ydn/posts/2010/12/pushing-beyond-gzipping<IfModule mod_setenvif.c><IfModule mod_headers.c>SetEnvIfNoCase^(Accept-EncodXng|X-cept-Encoding|X{15}|~{15}|-{15})$ ^((gzip|deflate)s*,?s*)+|[X~-]{4,13}$ HAVE_Accept-Encoding
RequestHeader append Accept-Encoding"gzip,deflate" env=HAVE_Accept-Encoding
</IfModule></IfModule># Compress all output labeled with one of the following MIME-types# (for Apache versions below 2.3.7, you don't need to enable `mod_filter`# and can remove the `<IfModule mod_filter.c>` and `</IfModule>` lines# as `AddOutputFilterByType` is still in the core directives).<IfModule mod_filter.c>AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/atom+xml
application/javascript
application/json
application/rss+xml
application/vnd.ms-fontobject
application/x-font-ttf
application/x-web-app-manifest+json
application/xhtml+xml
application/xml
font/opentype
image/svg+xml
image/x-icon
text/css
text/html
text/plain
text/x-component
text/xml
</IfModule></IfModule># ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# | Content transformations |# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Prevent some of the mobile network providers from modifying the content of# your site: http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec14.html#sec14.9.5.# <IfModule mod_headers.c># Header set Cache-Control "no-transform"# </IfModule># ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# | ETag removal |# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Since we're sending far-future expires headers (see below), ETags can# be removed: http://developer.yahoo.com/performance/rules.html#etags.# `FileETag None` is not enough for every server.<IfModule mod_headers.c>Header unset ETag</IfModule>FileETagNone# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# | Expires headers (for better cache control) |# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# The following expires headers are set pretty far in the future. If you don't# control versioning with filename-based cache busting, consider lowering the# cache time for resources like CSS and JS to something like 1 week.<IfModule mod_expires.c>ExpiresActive on
ExpiresDefault"access plus 1 month"# CSSExpiresByType text/css "access plus 1 year"# Data interchangeExpiresByType application/json "access plus 0 seconds"ExpiresByType application/xml "access plus 0 seconds"ExpiresByType text/xml "access plus 0 seconds"# Favicon (cannot be renamed!)ExpiresByType image/x-icon "access plus 1 week"# HTML components (HTCs)ExpiresByType text/x-component "access plus 1 month"# HTMLExpiresByType text/html "access plus 0 seconds"# JavaScriptExpiresByType application/javascript "access plus 1 year"# Manifest filesExpiresByType application/x-web-app-manifest+json "access plus 0 seconds"ExpiresByType text/cache-manifest "access plus 0 seconds"# MediaExpiresByType audio/ogg "access plus 1 month"ExpiresByType image/gif "access plus 1 month"ExpiresByType image/jpeg "access plus 1 month"ExpiresByType image/png "access plus 1 month"ExpiresByType video/mp4 "access plus 1 month"ExpiresByType video/ogg "access plus 1 month"ExpiresByType video/webm "access plus 1 month"# Web feedsExpiresByType application/atom+xml "access plus 1 hour"ExpiresByType application/rss+xml "access plus 1 hour"# Web fontsExpiresByType application/font-woff "access plus 1 month"ExpiresByType application/vnd.ms-fontobject "access plus 1 month"ExpiresByType application/x-font-ttf "access plus 1 month"ExpiresByType font/opentype "access plus 1 month"ExpiresByType image/svg+xml "access plus 1 month"</IfModule># ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# | Filename-based cache busting |# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# If you're not using a build process to manage your filename version revving,# you might want to consider enabling the following directives to route all# requests such as `/css/style.12345.css` to `/css/style.css`.# To understand why this is important and a better idea than `*.css?v231`, read:# http://stevesouders.com/blog/2008/08/23/revving-filenames-dont-use-querystring# <IfModule mod_rewrite.c># RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f# RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d# RewriteRule ^(.+).(d+).(js|css|png|jpg|gif)$ $1.$3 [L]# </IfModule># ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# | File concatenation |# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Allow concatenation from within specific CSS and JS files, e.g.:# Inside of `script.combined.js` you could have# <!--#include file="libs/jquery.js" --># <!--#include file="plugins/jquery.idletimer.js" --># and they would be included into this single file.# <IfModule mod_include.c># <FilesMatch ".combined.js$"># Options +Includes# AddOutputFilterByType INCLUDES application/javascript application/json# SetOutputFilter INCLUDES# </FilesMatch># <FilesMatch ".combined.css$"># Options +Includes# AddOutputFilterByType INCLUDES text/css# SetOutputFilter INCLUDES# </FilesMatch># </IfModule># ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# | Persistent connections |# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Allow multiple requests to be sent over the same TCP connection:# http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/en/mod/core.html#keepalive.# Enable if you serve a lot of static content but, be aware of the# possible disadvantages!# <IfModule mod_headers.c># Header set Connection Keep-Alive# </IfModule>